Tag: garden

We currently recommend various forms of crowns for apple and pear trees planted in production orchards, namely: almost natural, free and spindle line.

An almost natural crown is well known to us, because most of the trees in the existing intensive orchards have this form. …

A little knowledge is required for efficient cutting and forming, and more experience acquired. A worker who is not trained to cut wastes a lot of time meditating, before he decides, which branches should be removed, and which to leave. An experienced worker notices the branches to be cut on …

The scarcity of manpower makes, that the cutting technique is becoming less and less important. Cutting with a knife, which does not crush the shoots and gives smooth wounds, it is done only occasionally when forming young trees. If we shorten the annual shoots above a specific bud with a knife or pruner …

Mechanical cutting devices are quite popular in American and Italian orchards. These are machines driven by a tractor or self-propelled machines with a movable arm with rotating circular saws mounted on it.. The hydraulically controlled arm can be set at any angle and …

Secateurs are used to cut fruit trees and shrubs, balls and knives. Secateurs are most versatile. We divide them into: handmade, ambidextrous, pole and pneumatic. Hand secateurs can be single-edged or double-edged, and single-blade secateurs can have a flat shear or knife bar. …

We distinguish between winter cutting and summer cutting. In Poland, only winter cutting is commonly performed. In small orchards, you can start cutting in the early spring, in February or March and finish in April. This is the most suitable period for apple pruning, pear trees and …

Apple trees, pear trees, plum trees, cherries, apricots and peaches require regular pruning every year after they enter the fruiting period. Annual pruning begins when the trees are of age 5-8 lat. They are used in fruiting orchards 4 main cutting systems.
X-ray cut

Just like herself …

The cultivation of dwarf trees in the lane form has no major advantage over the circular form. The crowns of dwarf trees are only 2-3 meters in diameter, so row by row you can plant what 4 m, limiting their sideways growth with moderate …

Several dozen different forms of crowns can be found in European orchards; only a few of them are applicable to us.

The forms of fruit trees are divided into several groups according to four criteria:

– the shape of the cross section: circular, oval and row;

– branch arrangement: whorls, bunk, …

Cut replacement chemicals

For over a dozen years, research has been carried out in fruit-growing institutes on replacing cutting with appropriate chemicals, applied to trees in the form of spraying or lubrication. So far, no chemical has been used to replace manual cutting, …

Ringing

Ringing, similarly to bending shoots, it belongs to very old horticultural procedures. So far, it has not been widely used in practice. Sometimes it is used occasionally in order to inhibit too intensive growth of trees.
Ringing is performed as follows. Around the limb or trunk …

Complementary treatments for cutting and their effect on trees – Bending shoots

Bending shoots was already used in eighteenth-century palace gardens in order to form artificial crowns of trees. The effect of this treatment was known to be manifested by weaker growth of bent shoots. In commercial courts, bending shoots …

The effect of pruning on the health of trees

The positive effect of pruning on the health of trees is often emphasized. Sick or dead shoots are removed during pruning, thus limiting the further spread of diseases. Removal of infested shoots plays an important role in the control …

By means of cutting, the size of the fruit can be effectively regulated. Winter or spring pruning reduces the number of flowers per tree, and therefore fruit, thanks to which each of them grows. The positive effect of cutting on the size of the fruit is especially visible in …

Influence of pruning on the regularity of fruiting

Many varieties of apple trees, pear and plum trees show a tendency to alternate fruiting, that is, producing a crop every other year. Alternate fruiting occurs primarily in naturally very fertile varieties, which have the ability to bear fruit …

Cutting young trees and shrubs - by reducing the number of fruit-bearing shoots and flower buds, it almost always reduces the fruit yield. Therefore, young trees are recommended to be pruned only when necessary and as little as possible. It is different with older trees. After the trees entered in …

The fruit setting process can be conventionally divided into two stages. In the first stage, the flower is pollinated and fertilized, in the second of the fertilized flower a fruit set develops. Not found, that the pruning may have an effect on the pollination and fertilization of the flower, …

Under good care, all young trees tend to form profusely flower buds three or four years after being planted in the orchard. Cutting can hinder this process or delay it for several years.

One of the conditions for creating …

Even at the beginning of the previous century it was considered, that pruning has only beneficial effects on the growth of trees and their fruiting. Such a view prevailed during the period, when European horticulture developed under the influence of the art of gardening from the nineteenth-century palace gardens. When in years …

The growth direction of shoots is regulated by plant hormones (Auxin), which form in growing apical shoots and leaves. They move down the momentum. If the shoots grow intensively, the supply of growth hormones is greater than with weak growth, making, that …